In the context of carpal tunnel syndrome, what is assessed using the Phalen Test?

The Phalen Test is specifically designed to evaluate for carpal tunnel syndrome by assessing the presence of symptoms associated with median nerve compression. During this test, the individual is instructed to flex their wrists by placing the backs of their hands together and holding that position for a period, typically around 30 to 60 seconds.

If carpal tunnel syndrome is present, this position can exacerbate symptoms, leading to tingling or paresthesia in the distribution of the median nerve, which typically includes the thumb, index finger, middle finger, and part of the ring finger. The presence of these symptoms during the test supports the diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome.

Other options are not related to the assessment of carpal tunnel syndrome using the Phalen Test. For instance, pain over the medial epicondyle refers to medial epicondylitis, and weakness in wrist extensors does not specifically indicate median nerve involvement. Instability of the elbow joint is unrelated to carpal tunnel syndrome, as it addresses a different anatomical region and issue entirely. Therefore, identifying tingling or paresthesia in the median nerve distribution during the test accurately reflects the purpose of the Phalen Test in diagnosing carpal tunnel syndrome.