The Lateral Pivot Shift test is performed to assess what type of knee instability?

The Lateral Pivot Shift test is primarily used to assess anterolateral rotary instability of the knee. This test evaluates the integrity of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and associated structures that stabilize the knee during rotational movements. When performing the test, the patient is positioned supine, and the clinician applies a valgus force to the knee while internally rotating the tibia and flexing the knee. A positive result, indicated by a noticeable shift of the tibia, occurs when the unstable tibial plateau relocates on the femoral condyle, demonstrating excessive lateral movement characteristic of anterolateral rotary instability.

Understanding the mechanics behind this test clarifies which structures are involved and how instability manifests. Anterolateral rotary instability typically arises from ACL tears along with collateral ligament involvement, enabling the test to be a reliable indicator of this specific type of knee dysfunction. This specificity is crucial for accurately diagnosing knee instability and developing effective treatment plans for injured patients.