What is the purpose of the FABER test?

The FABER test, which stands for Flexion, ABduction, and External Rotation, is specifically designed to assess the functional range of motion of the hip joint and the surrounding structures. During the test, the patient is asked to lie supine while the leg is placed in a figure-four position, and pressure is applied to the knee. This position tests the ability of the hip to flex, abduct, and externally rotate, which are critical movements necessary for various functional activities.

A restricted range of motion in this position may indicate hip joint pathology or related issues such as sacroiliac joint dysfunction. By evaluating the motion and symptomatic response to this test, a clinician can gain insights into the hip's range of movement and any underlying conditions that may be affecting a patient's mobility.

Although the other options describe relevant assessments in physical therapy, they are not the primary focus of the FABER test. For instance, while pelvic stability is essential, the FABER primarily assesses the hip joint rather than the broader stability of the pelvis. Similarly, the test does not measure foot alignment or knee flexion, as those are different evaluations altogether. Thus, the main goal of the FABER test is indeed to assess functional range of motion within the hip joint.