Which test is specifically used to evaluate the integrity of the ACL with the knee in a flexed position?

The test specifically used to evaluate the integrity of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) with the knee in a flexed position is the Lachman Test. This assessment is performed with the knee flexed approximately 20 to 30 degrees, allowing for a more accurate evaluation of anterior translation of the tibia relative to the femur.

During the Lachman Test, the physical therapist stabilizes the femur with one hand while using the other hand to grasp the tibia and pull it forward. The amount of movement and any associated pain or instability help determine the condition of the ACL. This test is preferred when compared to others, particularly in situations where swelling may limit the range of motion or when the knee is not fully extended.

In contrast, the Anterior Drawer Test is also used to assess ACL integrity but requires the knee to be flexed at 90 degrees, which may not provide as consistent or reliable results in terms of determining the ligament's stability as the Lachman Test does. The other tests, such as the Valgus Stress Test, assess different structures or conditions and do not specifically target the ACL. Therefore, the Lachman Test is recognized as the go-to procedure for evaluating ACL integrity with the knee flexed appropriately.